What is Centralized Split Architecture?
Centralized split architecture is a fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) network design that utilizes single-stage optical splitters located in a central hub. This approach contrasts with cascaded split architectures, which use multiple splitter stages distributed throughout the network.
Key Takeaways
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Single-stage splitter design: Centralized split architecture uses a 1x32 optical splitter housed in a central fiber distribution hub (FDH), connecting directly to the optical line terminal (OLT) and then branching out to individual customer premises.
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Simplified network layout: Unlike cascaded split architectures that use multiple splitter stages, centralized split designs consolidate all splitting in one location, reducing complexity in deployment and maintenance.
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Efficient for high-density areas: This architecture is well-suited for urban and suburban environments where fiber density is high and centralized management is more practical.
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Easier troubleshooting and upgrades: With all splitters located in a central hub, network issues are easier to isolate and resolve, and future capacity upgrades can be managed more efficiently.
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Trade-off in fiber usage: While centralized split architecture simplifies management, it typically requires more fiber cabling to reach each subscriber compared to cascaded designs.
How Centralized Split Architecture Works
In a centralized split network, a 1x32 splitter is typically housed within a fiber distribution hub (FDH). A single fiber connects this splitter to the optical line terminal (OLT) at the central office. On the other side of the splitter, 32 fibers are routed to individual customer premises, where they connect to optical network terminals (ONTs).
Comparison to Cascaded Split Architecture
Cascaded split architecture distributes optical splitters across multiple stages, often using 1x4 or 1x8 splitters in different locations. This method reduces the amount of fiber required but increases complexity in network management. Centralized split architecture simplifies deployment by consolidating splitters into a single location.
Advantages of Centralized Split Architecture
This approach offers benefits such as simplified network management, easier troubleshooting, and greater flexibility for future upgrades. It is commonly used in urban and suburban FTTH deployments where fiber density is high.
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